subject of the first book

man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. one thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they. how did this change come about? i do not know. what can make it legitimate? that question i think i can answer.

if i took into account only force, and the effects derived from it, i should say: "as long as a people is compelled to obey, and obeys, it does well; as soon as it can shake off the yoke, and shakes it off, it does still better; for, regaining its liberty by the same right as took it away, either it is justified in resuming it, or there was no justification for those who took it away." but the social order is a sacred right which is the basis of all other rights. nevertheless, this right does not come from nature, and must therefore be founded on conventions. before coming to that, i have to prove what i have just asserted.