an important part of the great building of the escorial was the colegio, designed by philip as an institution for the instruction of monks and preachers. we have seen how from his earliest manhood the king valued culture and esteemed the arts, and the university of the escorial was his tribute to learning, just as the monastery and the church bore testimony of his zeal for the faith of rome.
the colegio is approached from the king’s court by steps through a vestibule. beneath the tower is an apartment known as the hall of secrets, on account of its construction permitting whispers to be heard from one side of the chamber to the other. there is a spacious refectory to the college, containing a pulpit. the arched cloister or promenade was used for dramatic displays, and it has an upper gallery with balconies and railings. upon the ceiling{63} are paintings by francisco llamas, a minor artist.
in the chapel of the college, a building over 60 feet in length and about 30 in width, there is a handsome altar by lorenzo berni, carved and gilded with considerable taste. in front of the altar is a carved seat of pine and walnut, and there are seats for the students along the walls.
the seminary is attached to the university, and resembles the colegio in its structure. it was used by an order of the devout who practised severe restraints, and applied themselves to diligent study. evidence of their austerity is shown in the absence of windows. this part of the escorial contains an infirmary, an oratory, a refectory, and cells.
passing along the invalids’ gallery we reach the compana, in which there are various offices and a marble bath. the dispensary was formerly in this part of the escorial. there is a viaduct from the court of the compana, beneath which runs another road. around the smaller patios in this portion of the pile are the bakeries, storehouses, stables, and various workshops.
to supply the escorial with water for its seventy-six fountains, its baths, and taps, several{64} ingenious conduits were constructed before the first stone of the edifice was laid. this water supply is excellent, and there is scarcely an apartment in the escorial which is without pure water from the mountain springs.
