(april, 1882.)
cardinal newman is perhaps the only catholic in england worth listening to. he has immured his intellect in the catacombs of the romish church, but he has not been able to quench it, and even there it radiates a splendor through the gloom. his saintly character is as indubitable as the subtlety of his mind, and no vicissitude has impaired the charm of his style, which is pure and perfect as an exquisite and flawless diamond; serene and chaste in its usual mood, but scintillating gloriously in the light of his imagination.
on sunday last cardinal newman preached a sermon at the oratory in birmingham on "modern infidelity." unfortunately we have not a full report, from which we might be able to extract some notable passages, but only a newspaper summary. even this, however, shows some points of interest.
cardinal newman told his hearers that "a great storm of infidelity and irreligion was at hand," and that "some dreadful spiritual catastrophe was coming upon them." we quite agree with the great preacher; but every storm is not an evil, and every catastrophe is not a disaster. the revolutionary storm in france cleared the air of much pestilence. it dissipated as by enchantment the horrible cloud of tyranny, persecution and want, which had for centuries hovered over the land. and certainly, to go back a stage farther in history, the reformation was not a misfortune, although it looked like a "spiritual catastrophe" to a great many amiable people. the truth is, revolutions must occur in this world, both in thought and in action. they may happen slowly, so that we may accommodate ourselves to them; or rapidly, and so disturb and injure whole generations.
but come they must, and no power can hinder them; not even that once mighty church which has always striven to bind humanity to the past with adamantine chains of dogma. in cardinal newman's own words, from perhaps his greatest and most characteristic book,—"here below to live is to change, and to be perfect is to have changed often."
we cannot say that cardinal newman indicates how humanity will suffer from the "coming storm of infidelity and irreligion." he does, indeed, refer to the awful state of a people forsaken by god, but in our humble opinion this is somewhat ludicrous. we can hardly understand how god can forsake his own creatures. why all this pother if he really exists? in that case our scepticism cannot affect him, any more than a man's blindness obscures the sun. and surely, if omnipotence desired us all to believe the truth, the means are ready to hand. the god who said, let there be light, and there was light, could as easily say, let all men be christians, and they would be christians. if god had spoken the universe would be convinced; and the fact that it is not convinced proves, either that he does not exist, or that he purposely keeps silent, and desires that we should mind our own business.
the only tangible evil cardinal newman ventures to indicate is the "indignity which at this moment has come over the holy father at rome." he declares, as to the pope, that "there hardly seems a place in the whole of europe where he could put his foot." the catholics are carrying this pretence of a captive pope a trifle too far. his holiness must have a tremendous foot if he cannot put it fairly down on the floor of the vatican. he and his cardinals really wail over their loss of temporal power. it would be wiser and nobler to reconcile themselves to the inevitable, and to end the nefarious diplomacy by which they are continually striving to recover what is for ever lost. the whole world is aware of the scandalous misrule and the flagrant immorality which, under the government of the papacy, made the eternal city a byword and a reproach. under the secular government, rome has made wonderful progress. it has better streets, cleaner inhabitants, less fever and filth, and a much smaller army of priests, beggars, and prostitutes. catholics may rest assured that the bad old times will never return. they may, of course, promise a reformation of manners if the holy father's dominion is restored, but the world will not believe them. reforming the papacy, as carlyle grimly said, is like tinkering a rusty old kettle. if you stop up the holes of it with temporary putty, it may hang together for awhile; but "begin to hammer at it, solder it, to what you call mend and rectify it,—it will fall to shreds, as sure as rust is rust; go all into nameless dissolution,—and the fat in the fire will be a thing worth looking at, poor pope!"
as a sincere christian (a very rare thing, by the way, in these days), cardinal newman is bound to lament the spread of infidelity. he is a keen observer, and his word may be taken for the fact. a stormy time is undoubtedly coming. old creeds and institutions will have to give an account of themselves, and nothing that cannot stand the test will live. but truth will not suffer. criticise the multiplication table as much as you please, and twice two will still be four. in the storm and stress of controversy what is true and solid will survive; only the hollow shams of authority and superstition will collapse. humanity has nothing to fear, however the churches may groan.
