on arriving at a large village one day, they were struck as they approached by the far greater appearance of comfort and neatness than generally distinguish african villages. the plots of plantations were neatly fenced, the street was clean and well kept. as they entered the village they were met by the principal people, headed by an old white haired negro.
“me berry glad to see you, white men,” he said. “long time me no see white men.”
“and it is a long time,” said mr. goodenough, shaking hands with him, “since i have heard the sound of my own tongue outside my party.”
“me berry glad to see you,” repeated the negro. “me chief of dis village. make you berry comfortable, sar. great honor for dis village dat you come here. plenty eberyting for you, fowl, and eggs, and plantain, and sometime a sheep.”
“we have, indeed, fallen into the lap of luxury,” mr. goodenough said to frank; and they followed the negro to his hut. “i suppose the old man has been employed in one of the factories upon the coast.”
the interior of the hut was comfortably furnished and very clean. a sort of divan covered with neatly woven mats extended round three sides. in the center was an attempt at a table. a doubled barreled gun and a rifle hung over the hearth. a small looking glass and several colored prints in cheap frames were suspended from the walls. a great chest stood at one end of the room, while on a shelf were a number of plates and dishes of english manufacture.
the negro begged his guests to be seated, and presently a girl entered, bringing in a large calabash full of water for them to wash their hands and faces. in the meantime the old negro had gone to his chest, and, to the immense surprise of the travelers, brought out a snow white tablecloth, which he proceeded to lay on the table, and then to place knives, forks, and plates upon it.
“you must 'scuse deficiencies, sar,” he said. “we berry long way from coast, and dese stupid niggers dey break tings most ebery day.”
“don't talk about deficiencies,” mr. goodenough answered smiling. “all this is, indeed, astonishing to us here.”
“you berry good to say dat, sar, but dis chile know how tings ought to be done. me libed in good melican family. he know berry well how tings ought to be done.”
“ah, you have traveled a good deal!” mr. goodenough said.
“yes, sar, me trabel great deal. me lib in cuba long time. den me lib slave states, what you call confederate. den me lib northern state, also canada under queen victoria. me trabel bery much. now, sar, dinner come. time to eat not to talk. after dinner white gentlemen tell me what they came here for. me tell dem if they like about my trabels, but dat berry long story.”
the dinner consisted of two fowls cut in half and grilled over a fire, fried plantains, and, to the astonishment of the travelers, green peas, followed by cold boiled rice over which honey had been poured. their host had placed plates only for two, but they would not sit down until he had consented to join them.
two girls waited, both neatly dressed in cotton, in a fashion which was a compromise between european and negro notions.
after dinner the negro presented them with two large and excellent cigars, made, as he said, from tobacco grown in his own garden, and the astonishment of the travelers was heightened by the reappearance of one of the girls bearing a tray with three small cups of excellent black coffee.
their host now asked them for the story of their journey from the coast, and the object with which they had penetrated africa. mr. goodenough related their adventures, and said that they were naturalists in search of objects of natural history. when he had finished ostik, in obedience to a whisper from him, brought in a bottle of brandy, at the sight of which the negro broke into a chuckle.
“me tree months widout taste dat. once ebery year me send down to coast, get coffee, tea, sugar, calico, beads, and rum. dis time de rum am finish too soon. one of de cases get broke and half de bottles smash. dat berry bad job. dis chile calculate dat six dozen last for a year, dat give him one bottle each week and twenty bottles for presents to oder chiefs. eighteen bottles go smash, and as de oder chiefs expec' deir present all de same, sam hab ta go widout. de men start three weeks ago for coast. me hope dey come back in six weeks more.”
“well,” mr. goodenough said, “you need not go without it till they come back, for i can give you eight bottles which will last you for two months. i have got a good supply, and as i never use it for trade unless a chief particularly wants it, i can very well spare it.”
the old negro was greatly pleased, and when he had drank his glass of brandy and water he responded to mr. goodenough's request, and, lighting a fresh cigar, he began the story of his adventures.
“i was born in dis berry village somewhere about seventy years ago. i not know for sure widin two or three year, for when i young man i no keep account. my fader was de chief of dis village, just as i am now, but de village was not like dis. it was not so big, and was berry dirty and berry poor, just like the oder nigger villages. well, sar, dere am nothing perticlar to tell about de first years of my life. i jus' dirty little naked nigger like de rest. dose were berry bad times. ebery one fight against ebery one else. ebery one take slabes and send dem down de river, and sell to white men dere to carry ober sea. when i grow up to seventeen, i s'pose, i take spear and go out wid de people of dis village and de oder villages of dis part ob country under king, and fight against oder villages and carry the people away as slabes. all berry bad business dat. but sam he tink nothing, and just do the same as oder people. sometimes oder tribes come and fight against our villages and carry our people away. so it happened to sam.
“jus' when he about twenty years old we had come back from a long 'spedition. dis village got its share ob slabes, and we drink and sing and make merry wid de palm tree wine and tink ourselves berry grand fellows. well, sar, dat night great hullyballoo in de village. de dogs bark, de men shout and seize deir arms and run out to fight, but it no good. anoder tribe fall on us ten times as many as we. we fight hard but no use. all de ole men and de ole women and de little babies dat no good to sell dey killed, and de rest of us, de men and de women and de boys and girls, we tied together and march away wid de people dat had taken us.
“berry bad time dat, sar. de season was dry and de water scarce. we make long march ebery day, and berry little food given. dey beat us wid sticks and prod us wid spear to make us go. a good many ob de weak ones dey die, but de most ob us arribe at mouth ob riber; me neber know what riber dat was, but we were berry nigh two months in getting dere. by dis time sam arribe at the conclusion berry strong, dat de burning ob villages and carrying off ob slabes berry bad affair altogether. sam hab changed his mind about a great many things, but about dat he am fixed right up to dis time.
“well, at de mouth ob dat riber sam saw de white man for de first time; and me tell you fair, sar, sam not like him no way. dey were spanish men, and de way dey treat us poor niggers was someting awful. we huddle up night and day in a big shed dey call a barracoon. dey gabe us berry little food, berry little water. dey flog us if we grumble. dese men belong to ships, and had bought us from dose who brought us down from up country. deir ship not come yet, and for a long time we wait in the barracoon wishing dat we could die. at last de ship came, and we were taken on board and huddled down below. law, what a place dat was to be sure! not more than tree feet high, just high enough to sit up, and dere we chained to deck. de heat, sar, was someting terrible. some ob us yell out and scream for air, but dey only come down and beat us wid whips.
“de day after we got on board de ship set sail. tree hours after dat we hear a great running about on deck, and a shouting by the white men. den we hear big gun fire ober head, almost make us jump out of skin wid de noise. den more guns. den dere was a crash, and before we knew what was de matter dere was a big hole in de side, and six niggers was killed dead. ebery one yelled berry loud. we tink for sure that de last day come. for a long time de guns keep firing, and den everyting quiet again. at de time no one could tink what de matter, but i s'pose dat british cruiser chase us and dat de slaber sail away.
“dat was an awful voyage, sar. at first de sea smoove, and de ship go along straight. den de ship begin to toss about jus' as nigger does when he has taken too much palm wine, and we all feel berry bad. ebery one groan and cry and tink dat dey must have been poisoned. for tree days it was a terrible time. de hatches were shut down and no air could come to us, and dere we was all alone in de dark, and no one could make out why de great house on de water roll and tumble so much. we cry and shout till all breaff gone, and den lie quiet and moan, till jus' when ebery one tink he dead, dey take off de hatch and come down and undo de padlocks and tell us to go up on deck. dat berry easy to say, not at all easy to do. most of us too weak to walk, and say dat we dead and cannot move. den dey whip all about, and it was astonishing, sar, to see what life dat whip put into dead nigger. somehow people feel dat dey could crawl after all, and when dey get up on deck and see de blessed sun again and de blue sky dey feel better. but not all. in spite ob de whip many hab to be carried up on deck, and dere de sailor men lay 'em down and trow cold water ober dem till dey open dere eyes and come to life. some neber come to life. dere were about six hundred when we start, and ob dese pretty nigh a hundred die in dose tree days.
“after dat tings not so bad. de weather was fine and no more english cruisers seen, so dey let half ob us up on deck at once for tree or four hours ebery day. dey give us more food, too, and fatten us up. we talk dis ober among ourselves, and s'pose dat dey going to eat us when we get to land again. some propose not to eat food, but when dey try dat on they get de whip, and conclude dat if dey must be eaten dey might as well be eaten fat as lean.
“at last we come in sight of land. den we all sent below and stay dere till night. den we brought on deck, and find de vessel lying in a little creek. den we all land in boats, and march up country all night. in de morning we halt. tree or four white men come on horses and look at us. dey separate us into parties, and each march away into country again. den we separate again, till at last me and twenty oders arribe at a plantation up in de hills. here we range along in line before a white man. he speak in berry fierce tones, and a nigger by his side tell us dat dis man our master, dat he say if we work well he gib us plenty of food and treat us well, but dat if we not work wid all our might he whip us to death. after dis it was ebident that de best ting to do was to work hard.
“i was young and berry strong, sar, and soon got de name of a willing hard working nigger. de massa he keep his word. dose who work well not bad treated, plenty ob food and a piece of ground to plant vegetables and to raise fowls for ourselves. so we passed two or tree year, plenty ob hard work, but not berry much to grumble at. den me and a gal of my own village, who had been bought in de same batch wid me, we go to massa and say we want to marry. massa say, berry well. i fine strong nigger and work well, so he gib de gal four yards ob bright cotton for wedding dress, and a bottle ob rum to me, and we married.
“two or tree years pass, and my wife hab two piccanninies. den de massa go home to spain, and leab overseer in plantation. berry bad man dat. before, if nigger work well he not beaten. now he beaten wheder he work or not. for two or tree months we 'tand it, but tings get worse and worse. de oberseer he always drunk and go on like wild beast. one day he passed by my wife hoeing de sugarcane and he gib her cut wid whip, jus' out of 'musement. she turn round and ask, 'what dat for?' he get mad, cut her wid whip, knock her down wid de handle, and den seizing de chile dat she had fastened to her back, he catch him by de leg and smash him skull against a tree. den, sar, i seize my hoe, i rush at him, and i chop him down wid all my strength, cut his skull clean in sunder, and he drop down dead.
“den i knew dat dat was no place for sam, so i take my hoe and i run away as fast as i could. no one try to stop me. de oder niggers dance and sing when dey saw de oberseer fall dead. i ran all dat day up among de hills, skirting round de different plantations till i get quite into de wild part. wheneber i came to stream i walk a long way in him till i get to tree hanging ober. den pull myself up into de branches, climb along and drop at de farthest end, and den run again, for i knew dat dey would set de bloodhounds after me.
“at last i tink dat it am quite safe, and when de night came on lie down to sleep for a few hours. before morning me off again, and by night get to de center of de wild country. here i light a fire, and sit down, and, just as i 'spected, in two or tree hours five or six men come down to me. dose were niggers who had run away from plantations. i tell dem my story, dey agree dat i did berry right in killing oberseer. dey take me away to place where dey hab little huts and patches of yams. two or tree days pass and no one come, so, we s'pose dat dey hab lost de scent. me waited a month and den determined to go down and see about wife. i journey at night, and reach plantation in two days. dere i hide till i see nigger come along close to bush. i call him and he come. i tell him to tell my wife to steal away when night come, and to meet me dere. he nod and go away. dat night my wife come wid de oder chile. we not talk much but start away for mountains. me berry much afraid now because my wife not berry strong, she hurt by de blow and fretting after me. howeber, we follow the way i had gone before. i make shift to help her up into trees from the streams, and dis time after tree days' travel we got back to hut in the mountain.
“dere we lib berry happy for a year. sometimes some ob us go down to plantation and take down baskets and oder tings dat we had made and chop dem for cotton. we had tobacco of our own, and some fowls which we got from the plantations in de fust place. altogether we did berry well. sometimes band of soldiers come and march trough the country, but we hab plenty hiding places and dey never find us. more and more runway slabes come, and at last we hear dat great 'spedition going to start to search all de mountains. dey come, two tree thousand ob dem. dey form long skirmishing line, five or six mile long, and dey go ober mountain. ebery nigger dey find who not surrender when dey call to him dey shoot. when i heard ob deir coming i had long talk wid wife. we agree that it better to leave de mountains altogether and go down and live in the bushes close to the old plantation. nobody look for us dere. so we make our way down and lib there quiet. we get the yams out ob de plantations and lib very comfortable. when we tink all ober in the mountain we go back.
“well, sar, when we tink it all safe, and we get widin a mile ob de huts whar we had libed, all at once we came upon a lot of soldiers in camp. dey see us and make shout. i call to my wife to run, when dey fire. a bullet hit de baby, which she hab at her back, and pass through both deir bodies. i did not run any more, but jus' stood looking at my wife and chile as if my senses had gone. dere i stood till the soldiers came up. dey put a cord round my arms and led me away. after a time i was taken down the country. dere i was claimed, and when it was known i had killed a white oberseer i was tried. but de new oberseer did not want me to be hung, for i was a strong slave and worth money, so he told a story about how it happen, and after dey had flogged me very hard dey sent me back to plantation. dere i work for a long time wid a great log of wood chained to my ankle to prevent me from running away again.
“for a time i not care whether i lib or die, but at last i made up my mind to 'scape again. after six months dey took off de log, tinking dat i had had enuf of de mountains and would not try to 'scape, and de log prevented my doing so much work. de bery next night i ran away again but dis time i determined to make for de town in hopes ob getting on board an english ship, for i had heard from de oder slabes dat de english did not keep black men as slabes, but dat, on de contry, dey did what dey could to stop de spanish from getting dem away from africa, and i understood now dat de dreful noise we had heard on de first day we were on board ship was an attack upon our vessel by an english cruiser.
“it was four days' journey down to de town by de sea. dere was no difficulty in finding de way, for de road was good, and i s'pose dat dey only looked for me towards de hills. anyhow i got dar safe, walking at night and sleeping in the bushes by day. i got as near de town as i dar, and could see seberal vessels lying near de shore. i could see dat some ob dem had de spanish flag—i knew dat flag—de oders had flags which i did not know. when it was dark i walked boldly into the town; no one asked me any question, and i make my way through de streets down to de shore. dere i get into a boat and lay quiet till all de town was asleep. den i get into water and swim off to a ship—one dat i had noticed had a flag which was not spanish. dere was a boat alongside. i climb into it and pull myself up by the rope on deck. den some white men seize me and say someting in language which i not understand. den dey take me into cabin and say someting to captain; me not know what it was, but de captain laugh, and me not like his laugh at all. howeber, dey give me someting to eat, and den take me down into hold of ship and tell me to go to sleep on some sacks of sugar, and throw some empty sacks ober me to cover me. den dey close up hatch and leab me alone.
“when i come on deck de land was gone and de vessel sailing along. i speak to no one, for i only understand little spanish, and dese people not speak dat. we sail along for some time, and at last we come in sight of land again. den dey hoist flag and i see dat it a flag wid lots of red stars and stripes upon him. i know now dat it was a 'merican ship. den i know noting. we get to port and i want to land, but dey shake deir heads.
“de next day de captain he make sign to me to come wid him. i go along to shore and he take me to a open space in town, where a man was standing on a raised platform. he had a black woman by de side ob him. seberal men come up and look at her. de man he shout bery loud. oder men say something short. at last he knock on de table; a man tell de woman to come after him and she walk away. den a boy was put up, and den two more women, and ebery time just de same ting was done. den de man call out, and de captain push his way through the crowd wid me, and tell me to climb up on platform. i get up and look round quite surprised. eberybody laugh. den de man began to holloa again. den seberal men come up and feel my arms and my legs. dey point to de marks which de whip had left on my back, and dey laugh again. presently de man who was shouting bang his hand on the table again, and a white man in the crowd, who had seberal times called out loud, come up to me, take me by the arm, and sign to me to go wid him.
“i begin to understand now; dat rascally captain had sold me for a slabe, and dat flag i had seen was not de english flag. however, it was no use to say anyting, and i went along wid my new massa. he was a nice looking man, and i thought it might not be so bery bad after all. he took me to a high carriage wid two wheels and a fine horse. a negro, who was dressed up like a white man, was holding de horse. he showed me to climb up behind, de oders climb up in front, and we dribe away.”
