country. population. square miles. title of ruler. capital.

north america.

arctic region —— 600,000 —— none.

bermuda 12,000 46 governor hamilton.

columbia (brit.) 54,600 230,000 governor n. westminster.

costa rica 150,000 16,250 president san jose.

greenland 10,000 380,000 inspector lichtenfels.

guatemala 1,180,000 44,778 president guatemala.

honduras 500,000 47,092 president comayagua.

honduras (brit.) 25,635 13,500 lt. gov belize.

mexico 8,743,614 773,144 president mexico.

mosquito 16,000 26,000 king blewfields.

new britain 200,000 1,800,000 —— york factory.

new brunswick 285,777 27,720 lt. gov. fredericton.

newfoundland 146,536 40,200 governor st. john’s.

nicaragua 400,000 58,169 president managua.

nova scotia 387,800 19,650 lt. gov. halifax.

ontario 1,620,842 180,000 lt. gov. toronto.

prince edward island 93,338 2,173 lt. gov. charlottetown.

quebec 1,190,505 210,000 lt. gov. quebec.

san salvador 750,000 7,230 president san salvador.

st. pierre 2,250 120 com. st. pierre.

united states 40,000,000 3,578,392 president washington.

south america.

argentine confederacy 1,800,000 826,828 president buenos ayres.

bolivia 1,987,352 535,760 president chuqueaca.

brazil 11,780,000 3,231,047 emperor rio janeiro.

cayenne 27,560 30,000 governor cayenne.

chili 2,084,945 139,335 president santiago.

colombia 2,794,470 357,179 president s. fe de bogota.

demerara, etc. 148,900 76,000 governor georgetown.

ecuador 1,040,371 218,984 president quito.

falkland islands 686 7,600 governor port louis.

paraguay 1,337,431 126,352 president asuncion.

patagonia 120,000 315,000 —— none.

peru 3,374,000 510,107 president lima.

surinam 64,270 38,500 governor parimaraibo.

uruguay 387,421 66,716 president monte video.

venezuela 1,565,000 426,712 president caracas.

west india islands

antigua 36,412 183 governor st. john’s.

[722]bahamas 35,287 3,021 governor nassau.

barbadoes 152,127 166 governor bridgetown.

burmudas 11,796 —— governor hamilton.

curacoa 30,000 580 —— williamstadt.

cuba 1,500,000 43,383 capt. gen. havana.

dominica 26,882 290 lt. gov. rosseau.

grenada 36,672 133 lt. gov. st. george.

guaduloupe, etc. 134,544 534 —— basse terre.

hayti 572,000 11,718 president port au prince.

jamaica 441,255 6,400 capt. gen. spanish town.

martinique 121,145 322 —— port royal.

montserrat 7,645 47 president plymouth.

nevis 9,822 50 adminis. charlestown.

porto rico 620,000 3,895 capt. gen. san juan.

st. bartholomew’s 10,000 25 —— gustavia.

st. christopher, etc. 26,940 103 lt. gov. basse terre.

st. john’s 3,000 72 ——

st. lucia 29,519 250 adminis. castries.

st. martin’s (s.) 3,500 11

st. thomas 13,463 37

st. vincent 31,755 131 lt. gov. kingston.

san domingo 136,500 18,000 president san domingo.

santa cruz etc. 35,000 81 —— christianstadt.

tobago 15,410 97 lt. gov. scarboro.

trinidad 84,438 1,754 governor port espana.

turk’s island 4,372 450 president grand turk.

virgin islands 6,051 57 president road town.

europe.

andorra 12,000 149 rep. andorra.

austria 35,677,455 240,381 emperor vienna.

belgium 4,984,451 11,373 king brussels.

denmark 1,608,362 14,734 king copenhagen.

faroe and iceland 75,909 40,258

france 38,192,064 209,428 president paris.

germany

northern confederation

anhalt 197,041 1,026 duke dessau.

bremen 109,572 74 burgom bremen.

brunswick 302,792 1,425 duke brunswick.

hamburg 305,196 156 burgom hamburg.

hesse darmstadt (n.) 257,479 1,280 g. duke darmstadt.

lippe detmold 111,352 438 prince detmold.

lippe schaumburg 31,186 171 prince buckburg.

lubeck 48,538 107 burgom lubeck.

mecklenburg schwerin 560,618 5,190 g. duke schwerin.

mecklenburg strelitz 98,770 1,052 g. duke new strelitz.

oldenburg 315,622 2,469 g. duke oldenburg.

prussia 24,039,668 136,806 king berlin.

reuse greiz 43,889 145 prince greiz.

reuss schleiz 88,097 320 prince schleiz.

saxe altenburg 141,426 510 duke altenburg.

saxe coburg gotha 168,851 760 duke coburg.

saxe meiningen 180,335 956 duke meiningen.

saxe weimar 282,928 1,404 g. duke weimar.

saxony 2,423,401 5,779 king dresden.

schwarzb. rudolstadt 75,116 374 prince rudolstadt.

swarzb. sondershausen 67,533 332 prince sonderhausen.

waldeck 56,807 433 prince corbach.

southern confederation

baden 1,434,970 5,912 g. duke carlsruhe.

bavaria 4,824,421 29,373 king munich.

hesse darmstadt (s.) 565,659 1,690 g. duke darmstadt.

lichtenstein 8,320 62 prince lichtenstein.

wurtemberg 1,778,396 7,532 king stuttgardt.

great britain 31,817,108 120,769 queen london.

gibraltar 24,175 2 governor gibraltar.

heligoland 2,300 governor heligoland.

malta 143,003 115 governor malta.

[723]greece 1,096,810 18,347 king athens.

ionian islands 251,712 1,006

italy 25,766,217 114,389 king rome.

monaco 1,887 15 prince

netherlands 3,652,070 12,685 king hague.

luxemburg 199,958 991

portugal 3,829,618 36,494 king lisbon.

azores and madeira 363,658 1,483

russia 78,400,000 7,862,568 czar st. petersburgh.

san marino 5,770 22 repub san marino.

spain 16,302,625 195,607 repub madrid.

sweden 4,158,757 128,776 king stockholm.

norway 1,712,628 120,295

switzerland 2,510,494 15,722 president berne.

turkey 10,510,000 131,295 sultan constantinople.

montenegro 196,238 1,709 prince cettinge.

roumania 3,864,848 46,710 prince bucharest.

servia 1,078,281 21,218 prince belgrade.

asia.

anam (c. china) 9,000,000 198,043 emperor hue.

arabia 4,000,000 1,026,040 muscat.

borneo 25,000,000 300,000

british india 192,012,137 1,545,336 gov. gen. calcutta.

burmah 4,000,000 190,517 comm. ava.

ceylon 2,081,395 24,454 governor colombo.

china 477,500,000 4,695,334 emperor pekin.

japan 35,000,000 149,399 mikado yeddo.

java 14,168,416 51,336 gov. gen. batavia.

persia 11,000,000 562,344 schah teheran.

siam 6,298,990 309,024 king bangkok.

tartary 7,870,000 640,516 bokhara.

turkey in asia 16,463,000 660,870

africa.

abyssinia 3,000,000 148,392 emperor gondar.

algeria 2,921,846 259,313 gov. gen. algiers.

cape of good hope 566,158 200,610 governor cape town.

egypt 7,465,000 659,081 viceroy cairo.

gambia 6,939 21 adminis. bathurst.

gold coast 262,000 6,000 adminis. cape c’st castle.

lagos 110,000 lagos.

liberia 717,500 9,567 president monrovia.

madagascar 5,000,000 232,315 queen antinarivo.

morocco 2,750,000 672,300 sultan fez.

natal 193,103 16,150 lt. gov. port natal.

sierra leone 41,497 468 governor freetown.

st. helena 6,444 47 governor james town.

tripoli 750,000 61,760 bey tripoli.

tunis 2,000,000 50,000 bey tunis.

zanzibar 380,000 1,600 sultan zanzibar.

australia.

new south wales 447,620 323,437 governor sydney.

queensland 109,897 678,600 capt. gen. port denison.

south australia 176,298 383,328 governor adelaide.

tasmania 98,455 26,215 governor hobart town.

victoria 703,817 86,831 capt. gen. melbourne.

western australia 21,065 978,000 governor

polynesia.

feejee islands 200,000 8,033 king

new guinea 1,000,000 275,518

new zealand 220,092 106,261 governor auckland.

philippine islands 2,250,000 56,000 manilla.

sandwich islands 62,959 7,633 king honolulu.

society islands 15,000 700 queen tahiti.

[724]

statistics of the race.

the earth is inhabited by about 1,380,000,000 of inhabitants, namely:

380,000,000 of the caucasian race,

580,000,000 of the mongolian,

200,000,000 of the ethiopian,

220,000,000 of the malay races, and

1,000,000 of the american indian.

all these respectively speak 3064 languages, and possess 1,000 different religions.

the amount of deaths per annum is 33,333,333, or 91,954 per day, 3730 per hour, 60 per minute, or one per second. this loss is compensated by an equal number of births.

the average duration of life throughout the globe is thirty-three years. one-fourth of its population dies before the seventh year, and one-half before the seventeenth. out of 10,000 persons only one reaches his hundredth year; only one in 500 his eightieth; and only one in 100 his sixty-fifth.

married people live longer than unmarried ones, and a tall man is likely to live longer than a short one. until the fiftieth year women have a better chance of life than men; but beyond that period the chances are equal.

sixty-five persons out of one thousand marry. the months of june and december are those in which marriages are most frequent.

children born in spring are generally stronger than those born in other seasons.

births and deaths chiefly occur at night.

the number of men able to bear arms is but one-eighth of the population.

africans in america.

it is estimated that there are some 14,580,000 persons of african descent on this continent. in the united states they number 4,880,000; brazil 4,200,000; cuba and porto rico 1,500,000; south and central american republics 1,100,000; hayti 1,350,000; british possessions 800,000; french, 250,000; dutch and mexican 400,000.

creeds of the world.

the population of the world is religiously distributed very nearly in the following proportions:

christians 388,600,000

buddhists 360,000,000

other asiatic religions 260,000,000

pagans 200,000,000

mohammedans 165,000,000

jews 7,000,000

in europe, america, australia, and many of the polynesian islands, christianity is the prevailing creed of every state. in africa the only independent christian states are abyssinia and liberia, while christianity prevails in several european colonies. the largest empire of asia—russia—is also a christian country. india, the third country in point of extent, is under the rule of a christian government, and so is a large portion of farther india.

the mohammedan countries in asia are turkey, persia, afghanistan, and the khanates of central asia; in africa—morocco, the dependencies of turkey (egypt, tunis, tripoli) and a number of interior states.

buddhism prevails in india, farther india, in many parts of china, and in japan. the governments of burmah and siam are buddhist; the government of china adheres to the religion of confucius; the religion of japan is sintooism.

judaism is represented throughout the civilized world. the handbuch der vergleichenden statistik of g. von kolb (leipzig, 1868) gives the following as the number of jews in the countries named: germany, 478,500; austria, 1,124,000; great britain, 40,000; france, 80,000; european russia, 2,277,000; italy, 20,200; switzerland, 4,200; belgium 1,500; netherlands, 64,000; luxemburg, 1,500; denmark, 4,200; sweden, 1,000; greece, 500; european turkey, 70,000. the jews in portugal are estimated at 3,000; in syria and asiatic turkey, 52,000; in morocco and north africa, 610,000; in eastern asia, 500,800; in america, 500,000.

the end