the blaireau, the “tawnies,” and the “leopards.”
perhaps lucien would have carried his account of the marmots still farther—for he had not told half what he knew of their habits—but he was at that moment interrupted by the marmots themselves. several of them appeared at the mouths of their holes; and, after looking out and reconnoitring for some moments, became bolder, and ran up to the tops of their mounds, and began to scatter along the little beaten paths that led from one to the other. in a short while as many as a dozen could be seen moving about, jerking their tails, and at intervals uttering their “seek-seek.”
our voyageurs saw that there were two kinds of them, entirely different in colour, size, and other respects. the larger ones were of a greyish yellow above, with an orange tint upon the throat and belly. these were the “tawny marmots,” called sometimes “ground-squirrels,” and by the voyageurs, “siffleurs,” or “whistlers.” the other species seen were the most beautiful of all the marmots. they were very little smaller than the tawny marmots; but their tails were larger and more slender, which rendered their appearance more graceful. their chief beauty, however, lay in their colours and markings. they were striped from the nose to the rump with bands of yellow and chocolate colour, which alternated with each other, while the chocolate bands were themselves variegated by rows of yellow spots regularly placed. these markings gave the animals that peculiar appearance so well-known as characterising the skin of the leopard, hence the name of these little creatures was “leopard-marmots.”
it was plain from their actions that both kinds were “at home” among the mounds, and that both had their burrows there. this was the fact, and norman told his companion that the two kinds are always found together, not living in the same houses, but only as neighbours in the same “settlement.” the burrows of the “leopard” have much smaller entrances than those of their “tawny kin,” and run down perpendicularly to a greater depth before branching off in a horizontal direction. a straight stick may be thrust down one of these full five feet before reaching an “elbow.” the holes of the tawny marmots, on the contrary, branch off near the surface, and are not so deep under ground. this guides us to the explanation of a singular fact—which is, that the “tawnies” make their appearance three weeks earlier in spring than the “leopards,” in consequence of the heat of the sun reaching them sooner, and waking them out of their torpid sleep.
while these explanations were passing among the boys, the marmots had come out, to the number of a score, and were carrying on their gambols along the declivity of the hill. they were at too great a distance to heed the movements of the travellers by the camp-fire. besides, a considerable valley lay between them and the camp, which, as they believed, rendered their position secure. they were not at such a distance but that many of their movements could be clearly made out by the boys, who after a while noticed that several furious battles were being fought among them. it was not the “tawnies” against the others, but the males of each kind in single combats with one another. they fought like little cats, exhibiting the highest degree of boldness and fury; but it was noticed that in these conflicts the leopards were far more active and spiteful than their kinsmen. in observing them through his glass lucien noticed that they frequently seized each other by the tails, and he further noticed that several of them had their tails much shorter than the rest. norman said that these had been bitten off in their battles; and, moreover, that it was a rare thing to find among the males, or “bucks,” as he called them, one that had a perfect tail!
while these observations were being made, the attention of our party was attracted to a strange animal that was seen slowly crawling around the hill. it was a creature about as big as an ordinary setter dog, but much thicker in the body, shorter in the legs, and shaggier in the coat. its head was flat, and its ears short and rounded. its hair was long, rough, and of a mottled hoary grey colour, but dark-brown upon the legs and tail. the latter, though covered with long hair, was short, and carried upright; and upon the broad feet of the animal could be seen long and strong curving claws. its snout was sharp as that of a greyhound—though not so prettily formed—and a white stripe, passing from its very tip over the crown, and bordered by two darker bands, gave a singular expression to the animal’s countenance. it was altogether, both in form and feature, a strange and vicious-looking creature. norman recognised it at once as the “blaireau,” or american badger. the others had never seen such a creature before—as it is not an inhabitant of the south, nor of any part of the settled portion of the united states, for the animal there sometimes called a badger is the ground-hog, or maryland marmot (arctomys monax). indeed, it was for a long time believed that no true badger inhabited the continent of america. now, however, it is known that such exists, although it is of a species distinct from the badger of europe. it is less in size than the latter, and its fur is longer, finer, and lighter in colour; but it is also more voracious in its habits, preying constantly upon mice, marmots, and other small animals, and feeding upon carcasses, whenever it chances to meet with such. it is an inhabitant of the sandy and barren districts, where it burrows the earth in such a manner that horses frequently sink and snap their legs in the hollow ground made by it. these are not always the holes scraped out for its own residence, but the burrows of the marmots, which the blaireau has enlarged, so that it may enter and prey upon them. in this way the creature obtains most of its food, but as the marmots lie torpid during the winter months, and the ground above them is frozen as hard as a rock, it is then impossible for the blaireau to effect an entrance. at this season it would undoubtedly starve had not nature provided against such a result, by giving it the power of sleeping throughout the winter months as well as the marmots themselves, which it does. as soon as it wakes up and comes abroad, it begins its campaign against these little creatures; and it prefers, above all others, the “tawnies,” and the beautiful “leopards,” both of which it persecutes incessantly.
